Gonorrhoea
What is it?
Ans. An infection caused by bacteria that live in the urethra, vagina, throat, anus or rectum.

What does it look like?
Ans. White or green discharge from the vagina or penis, pain when passing urine, itching in the anus or rectum.

How do I get it?
Ans. Engaging in sexual activity with someone who has it.

How can I prevent it?
Ans.Use a condom or dental dam.

Chlamydia
What is it?
Ans. An infection caused by bacteria that live in the urethra, vagina, throat, or rectum.

What does it look like?
Ans. Most women who have it will have no symptoms.
White liquid discharge from the vagina or penis, pain when passing urine, pain in lower abdomen and during sex for women.

How do I get it?
Ans. Engaging in sexual activity with someone who has it. Penetrative sex, oral sex, transfer from fingers to eyes, mother to baby during birth.

How can I prevent it?
Ans. Use a condom or dental dam.

Genital Warts
What is it?
Ans. Fleshy lumps found around a man’s penis/testicles, a woman’s vagina, or around the anus.

What does it look like?
Ans. Itching, possible bleeding from warts inside the vagina or anus.

How do I get it?
Ans. Spread by close, skin–to–skin contact, especially though penetrative vaginal or anal sex.

How can I prevent it?
Ans. Use a condom or dental dam.


HIV
In Inida, 85% of HIV is through unprotected sex. Much of the stigma – and silence – associated with HIV is because of our inability to be open about sex.

Three modes of unprotected sex that can transmit HIV

• Anal
• Vaginal
• Oral (although the risk is considered to be extremely low)

The number one method to protect against sexual transmission of HIV is correct and consistent condom use. Condoms also protect against pregnancy and most (but not all) sexually transmitted infections. Condoms can be used during anal, oral and vaginal sex as protection against HIV transmission.

Having a sexually transmitted infection (STI) increases the chances of transmitting HIV. It’s important to protect yourself – not just from HIV, but from all STIs.

Don’t Take the Risk – Know the Facts & Protect yourself
Contraceptives
Preventative measures taken to avoid pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

Types of Contraceptives
Condoms are the only form of contraceptive that protect against HIV

Spermicide	Diaphragm	Cervical Cap	Female Condom
Intra–Uterine Systems	Oral Contraceptives	Condom	Tubal Ligation, Vasectomy

How to use a Condom
Open the condom package at one corner being careful not to tear the condom with your fingernails, your teeth, or through being too rough. Make sure the package and condom appear to be in good condition, and check if there is an expiry date that the date has not passed.

Place the rolled condom over the tip of the hard penis, and if the condom does not have a reservoir top, pinch the tip of the condom enough to leave a half inch space for semen to collect. If the man is not circumcised, then pull back the foreskin before rolling on the condom.

Pinch the air out of the condom tip with one hand and unroll the condom over the penis with the other hand. Roll the condom all the way down to the base of the penis, and smooth out any air bubbles. (Air bubbles can cause a condom to break).

If you want to use some extra lubrication, put it on the outside of the condom. But always use a water–based lubricant (such as KY Jelly or Liquid Silk) with latex condoms, as an oil–based lubricant will cause the latex to break.

How to make a Dental Dam
Used as a barrier between the mouth and the vagina when engaging in oral sex.

Websites/Resources
• Terrance Higgins Trust – www.tht.org.uk
• www.avert.org
• Sexuality and U – www.sexualityandu.ca
• Condom Essential Wear – www.condomessentialwear.co.uk

For more information on HIV in India and Pune, and getting tested visit: www.wakeuppune.org